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Annotated Bibliography

The following manuscripts offer an excellent overview of topics relating to the history, development, and current status of the Bio-eye Hydroxyapatite Orbital Implant. Check this area regularly to keep up with the latest publications and additions to this list*.
Hornblass (1992)
Hornblass, A. et al., Enucleation and evisceration: current techniques. A study of 5439 intraorbital implants and a review of the literature. Presented at the joint meeting of the American Academy of Ophthalmology and the American Society of Ocularists in Dallas, Texas, November 8, 1992.

The most comprehensive survey of use and outcomes concerning traditional implants and the Bio-eye HA ocular implant. Compares the rates of complications such as exposure, extrusion, migration, and poor motility between traditional implants and the Bio-eye HA implant. The Bio-eye HA implant is reported to reduce all major complications and is considered to be the implant of choice among the oculoplastic surgeons surveyed.

Shields (1993)
Shields, JA, Shields, CL, DePotter P. Hydroxyapatite orbital implant after enucleation--experience with 200 cases. Mayo Clin Proc 1993; 68: 1191-1195.

The most focused clinical study to date reporting outcomes in over 200 cases (median follow-up: 2 years) in which the Bio-eye HA implant was used. Since this patient sample was treated by the same clinical team, variation in technique and other variables that may affect outcome were minimized. There were no (0%) cases of infection, extrusion, or migration, and all patients achieved satisfactory motility. Conjunctival erosion was noted in 3 cases and was sucessfully repaired. Small-degree movement was present in each case and large-degree movement, though more difficult to acheive, was most common in cases that employed a motility/support peg. All patients who elected to have a motility/support peg acheived excellent cosmetic results.

Stay tuned! More annotated references will soon be added to this section. . .


*This bibliography is not comprehensive; it is a selective list of articles that, in the opinion of IOI's Medical Director, Arthur C. Perry, MD, FACS, provide a good overview of the field.